Custom Crafted Canine Diets Nourishing Your Pet with Precision

Standardized amino acid digestibility and protein quality in extruded canine diets containing hydrolyzed protein using a precision-fed rooster assay

Abstract

Protein hydrolysate has become a choice of alternative protein source in canine diets as it showed greater digestibility, lower allergenic responses, and various functional properties when compared with intact proteins. The objective of the study was to determine the effect of hydrolyzed protein inclusion on amino acid digestibility and protein quality in extruded canine diets when compared with a traditional protein source for adult dogs. Five treatment diets were formulated to have similar compositions except for the main protein source. The control diet was formulated with chicken meal (CM) as the primary protein source. Test hydrolyzed proteins, chicken liver and heart hydrolysate (CLH) and chicken hydrolysate (CH) were used to partially or completely substitute CM. The diets were: CONd: CM (30%) diet; 5%CLHd: 5% CLH with 25% CM diet; CLHd: CLH (30%) diet; 5%CHd: 5% CH with 25% CM diet; CHd: CH (30%) diet. A precision-fed rooster assay was used to determine standardized amino acid digestibility for the ingredients and diets. In addition, Digestible Indispensable Amino Acid Score (DIAAS)-like values were calculated for the protein ingredients. All protein ingredients had higher than 80% of digestibility for all indispensable amino acids with no difference among sources (P > 0.05). From the DIAAS-like values referencing AAFCO nutrient profile for adult dogs, CLH and CH did not have any limiting amino acid; on the other hand, CM has a lower DIAAS-like value (93.3%) than CLH and CH (P < 0.05) with tryptophan being the first-limiting amino acid. The DIAAS-like values were often lower when the amino acid combinations methionine + cysteine and phenylalanine + tyrosine were included in the calculation. When referencing NRC recommended allowances and minimal requirements, methionine was the first-limiting amino acid for all protein sources. Amino acid digestibility was mostly above 80% and comparable among the treatment diets. Regarding the digestible indispensable amino acid concentrations in the diets, all of them met the AAFCO nutrient profile for adult dogs at maintenance. In conclusion, both protein hydrolysates were highly digestible, high-quality protein sources, and a full substitution from CM to protein hydrolysate could result in greater protein quality, according to the DIAAS-like values of the ingredients, when compared with CM in extruded canine diets.

Keywords: amino acid; digestibility; dog; hydrolyzed protein; protein quality.

Plain language summary

Hydrolyzed protein has been more commonly used in the pet food industry recently to increase digestibility, decrease allergenic responses, and for other health benefits (such as anti-inflammation and anti-oxidation) in companion animals. The study was designed to determine the protein quality of two protein hydrolysates for incorporating into dry dog foods. Chicken meal (CM) was chosen to be the control protein source as it is a high-quality protein source and has been widely used in pet foods. The test hydrolyzed proteins were made from chicken liver and heart or mechanically separated chicken. The current study aimed to compare the test hydrolyzed proteins, which are usually highly digestible, with a traditional high-quality protein to examine if the hydrolyzed proteins were comparable with CM or of higher quality. Five treatment diets were formulated with CM and/or hydrolyzed proteins. Cecectomized roosters were used in the assay to determine the amino acid digestibility and protein quality of the ingredients and treatment diets. It was shown that all ingredients and diets were highly digestible. The protein hydrolysates were of higher protein quality that better met the animals needs. Conclusively, the test protein hydrolysates are suitable protein sources in canine diets to create high-value and specialty foods.

The Author(s) 2023. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the American Society of Animal Science. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: [email protected].

MeSH terms

• Amino Acids*
• Animals
• Chickens
• Diet / veterinary
• Dogs
• Male
• Methionine
• Phenylalanine
• Protein Hydrolysates*
• Racemethionine

Substances

• Protein Hydrolysates
• Amino Acids
• Methionine
• Phenylalanine
• Racemethionine

Vet-Approved Homemade Dog Food Recipes for Kidney Disease

If your four-legged family member is grappling with kidney disease, your heart is likely filled with concern and uncertainty. You're not alone. Canine kidney disease is a formidable adversary, often sneaky in its approach and complex in its treatment.

While you'd do anything to bring back the playful energy and happy tail wags, the situation seems overwhelmingly complicated. You've heard about the impact of diet and may even be considering trying vet-approved homemade dog food recipes for kidney disease.

Well, youve come to the right place. In this guide, well explain the role of diet for dogs with kidney disease and walk you through the process of feeding a homemade kidney diet for dogs.

But, well also introduce you to a simpler way to offer your pet relief with the best dog food for kidney disease - which is just a click away at Chi Dog.

Our Water Diet is a kidney-supportive diet thats backed by veterinary science and the ancient wisdom of traditional Chinese medicine. You can save yourself the time and hassle of constantly creating fresh homemade food for dogs with kidney disease through our meal services.

Before we get into all that and unveil the best dog food recipes for kidney disease, lets talk about this condition itself and the link between diet and kidney disease in dogs.

All About Kidney Disease in Dogs

Kidney disease is a life-changing condition that can significantly impact the well-being of your canine companion. But the better you understand it, the more effectively you can manage it.

Your dog's kidneys work diligently to filter waste products out of the blood, regulate blood pressure, and help in the production of essential hormones and red blood cells.

But when kidney disease strikes, this seamless operation can grind to a halt, causing a slew of health issues that can dramatically reduce your pet's quality of life. That being said, lets distinguish between the two types of kidney disease in canines.

Types of Kidney Disease: Acute vs. Chronic

• Acute Kidney Disease: This form of kidney failure happens suddenly, often due to ingestion of toxic substances like antifreeze, certain medications, or poisonous plants. It requires immediate medical attention and, if treated promptly, the prognosis can be favorable.
• Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD): This is the more insidious form that develops over time, often due to aging or a long-term untreated illness. CKD is generally not reversible, but it can often be managed with appropriate care and lifestyle changes.

Common Symptoms and Early Warning Signs

While kidney disease can be somewhat of a silent villain, there are telltale signs you can watch for. Early detection is vital for effective management. Some common symptoms include:

• Increased thirst and urination
• Lethargy or depression
• Loss of appetite
• Weight loss
• Bad breath with a chemical odor
• Vomiting and diarrhea
• Blood in urine

Remember, these symptoms could indicate other issues too, so consult a veterinarian for an accurate diagnosis. Speaking of which

Diagnosis and Testing Procedures

If you suspect your dog is suffering from kidney disease, it's critical to consult a veterinarian immediately for a thorough evaluation, which usually involves a series of tests:

• Blood Tests: A Comprehensive Metabolic Panel can provide crucial information about kidney function, particularly levels of creatinine and blood urea nitrogen (BUN).
• Urine Tests: A urinalysis can indicate whether the kidneys are effectively filtering waste.
• Ultrasound or X-ray: Imaging tests help veterinarians visualize the kidneys and surrounding areas to identify any abnormalities or blockages.

From there, youll be able to come up with a treatment plan - which may consist of creating your own meals from vet-approved homemade dog food recipes for kidney disease or simply buying the best dog food for kidney disease at Chi Dog.

But why should you even bother - what happens if kidney disease is left untreated?

Untreated kidney disease can lead to irreversible damage and a significant decline in your dog's quality of life. In extreme cases, it can be fatal.

Dogs with kidney disease often experience fatigue, lose interest in activities they once enjoyed, and may suffer from debilitating symptoms like constant nausea. In short, your dog's happiness and well-being are at risk if kidney disease goes unaddressed.

That being said, what is the role of diet for dogs with kidney disease?

The Role of Diet for Dogs With Kidney Disease

A well-planned diet can not only slow down the progression of kidney disease but also enhance your dog's quality of life by reducing uncomfortable symptoms.

In fact, diet for dogs with kidney disease plays such an integral role in managing the condition that some experts consider it to be a form of nutritional medication.

The Science Behind Nutritional Needs in Kidney Disease

When the kidneys aren't functioning optimally, they can't effectively filter waste products from the blood. This is where diet steps in.

A properly designed meal plan for a dog with kidney disease typically focuses on reducing the workload on the kidneys, lowering the volume of wastes they have to filter. By giving the kidneys less workload, they can work more efficiently.

Importance of Protein, Fat, and Mineral Balances

• Protein: Contrary to general belief, protein isn't the enemy here. It's about quality, not quantity. High-quality protein sources like lean meats can be easier for the kidneys to process, thereby generating fewer waste products.
• Fat: Omega-3 fatty acids, found in fish oils and flaxseeds, have shown promise in reducing kidney inflammation. They may help slow the disease's progression.
• Minerals: A balance of minerals is essential. Too much phosphorus can worsen kidney disease, while controlled levels of calcium, potassium, and sodium are crucial for various bodily functions.

The Hydration Side of Things

Proper hydration is non-negotiable when it comes to kidney disease. Kidneys rely on a good balance of water to flush out toxins. Many dogs with kidney issues tend to lose water quickly, as their bodies attempt to excrete excess waste through urine.

Here's where a diet high in moisture content can be a game-changer, aiding in hydration and making the job easier for compromised kidneys. Well talk more about this next as we look at some of the best dog food recipes for kidney disease.

Vet-Approved Homemade Dog Food Recipes for Kidney Disease: Example Diets and Considerations

You may think taking control of your dog's diet means resorting to a purely homemade regimen, especially when dealing with a condition as serious as kidney disease.

But what you might not realize is that feeding homemade food for dogs with kidney disease is far from simple. Sure, the benefit is that you know exactly what goes into your dog's bowl, but have you thought about the downsides?

Let's explore some example diets and considerations, and why this route may not be as straightforward as it seems.

The Benefits of Feeding Homemade Food for Dogs With Kidney Disease

Crafting your pet's meals from scratch allows you to monitor the ingredients carefully. You can adjust protein levels, and manage phosphorus and sodium content - essential considerations in a kidney-friendly diet.

Plus, feeding your dog a homemade meal means you're avoiding artificial additives that are commonly found in commercial dog foods. Simply put, you get to enjoy a bit more peace of mind when feeding homemade food for dogs with kidney disease.

That being said, weve created 3 example vet-approved homemade dog food recipes for kidney disease for you below.

Example Diet 1: Chicken and Rice

Although this is a very simple recipe, getting the right balance of nutrients is crucial. The chicken provides lean protein, but be careful not to overdo it as excessive protein can strain the kidneys.

Ingredients:

• 2 cups boiled chicken (low sodium)
• 1 cup cooked white rice
• 1/4 cup carrots (steamed)

Preparation:

Boil the chicken in water without adding salt. Cook the rice and steam the carrots. Mix all the ingredients together and serve it cool.

Example Diet 2: Beef and Veggies

Lean beef offers another protein source, but again, moderation is key. The vegetables are low in phosphorus, but you still have to keep an eye on the overall nutrient balance.

Ingredients:

• 1 cup ground beef (lean)
• 1/2 cup zucchini
• 1/2 cup squash

Preparation:

Cook the ground beef in a non-stick pan until brown. Steam the zucchini and squash and mix them in with the beef.

Example Diet 3: Fish and Sweet Potato

This is the simplest recipe with just two ingredients. Fish provides omega-3 fatty acids, beneficial for anti-inflammatory purposes. However, certain types of fish are high in phosphorus, which can be detrimental in a kidney disease diet for dogs.

Ingredients:

• 1 cup salmon or cod (cooked)
• 1 cup sweet potato (boiled and mashed)

Preparation:

Cook the fish thoroughly. Boil the sweet potato until soft and mash it. Mix the two together for a complete meal.

Why Creating and Feeding Vet-Approved Homemade Dog Food Recipes for Kidney Disease May Not Be Right For You

We know you came here because you wanted to feed your pet vet-approved homemade dog food recipes for kidney disease. But, hear us out - there may be a better way.

While there is no denying the appeal of having control and peace of mind as you feed your pet homemade food for dogs with kidney disease, here are some of the reasons you may be better off investing in your pets health and happiness with the best dog food for kidney disease:

• Time-Consuming: Preparing meals from scratch daily or even weekly is a significant time investment.
• Nutritional Balance: Maintaining the right balance of nutrients is an art and a science, requiring regular vet consultations and potentially costly modifications.
• Cost: High-quality ingredients are often more expensive than premium commercial dog food.
• Consistency: Dogs with kidney disease need a consistent diet, and it's easy to deviate when you're making food at home.

That being said, why not save yourself the time and trouble by giving your pet the best diet for dogs with kidney disease right here at Chi Dog?

Save Yourself Time and Trouble By Giving Your Pet the Best Diet for Dogs With Kidney Disease at Chi Dog!

You've read about the complexities and concerns of homemade dog food for kidney disease. You've pondered over protein percentages, weighed the costs of lean meats and fresh veggies, and maybe even felt a twinge of anxiety about getting it right.

We understand.

Creating a tailored, balanced diet for a pet with kidney issues is no small feat, and even a minor oversight can exacerbate your pet's condition. That's why Chi Dog's Water Diet can be a game-changer for you and your four-legged friend.

Why Chi Dogs Water Diet Is the Best Choice For Your Pet

The Water Diet isn't your average commercial dog food - it's a holistic, therapeutic diet rooted in both nutritional science and Traditional Chinese Medicine.

Like all our holistic dog food, it is crafted to aid in a variety of conditions such as food allergies, diarrhea, and yes, specifically, kidney support. In fact, the nutritional profile alone sets it apart:

• Crude Protein (min): 17%: Enough to maintain muscle mass without overworking the kidneys.
• Crude Fat: 12%: Offers sufficient caloric intake without the dangers associated with high-fat content.
• Low Carbohydrate: 9%: Reduces the metabolic burden on your dog's already stressed kidneys.

And let's not forget the ingredients. With a blend of pork (a great novel protein), pearled barley, green peas, watercress, and sweet potato, each meal is a buffet of beneficial nutrients.

These are all hypoallergenic ingredients, making it especially beneficial for dogs who are sensitive or picky eaters. Its not just food - its nourishment, designed to support your pet's kidney health while tackling other common issues like back pain, ear infections, and urinary incontinence.

From a Chinese Medicine perspective, the diet is characterized as Neutral to Cooling, and targets both Kidney Yin and Qi Deficiencies. This translates to a balanced, nourishing meal that supports your pet's overall wellness, focusing on the kidneys vital functions.

All our food is prepared in a USDA certified organic kitchen and adheres to AAFCO. You can enjoy peace of mind knowing youre doing what you can to feed your pet the best dog food for kidney disease.

And, we make the order and delivery process simple - getting your meals to your door on a routine basis. This diet in particular is also considered the best diet for dogs with liver disease and the best dog IBD diet.

We also have diets for other conditions as well - from the best diet for overweight dogs to the best dog food for anxiety. For now, though, lets talk about how to transition your dog to our dog food for kidney disease.

How to Transition Your Dog to Our Food for Dogs with Kidney Disease

Transitioning from homemade or another commercial dog food to Chi Dogs Water Dietis simple but should be done gradually.

• Days 1-2: Mix 25% of Chi Dogs Water Dietwith 75% of the current food.
• Days 3-4: Transition to a 50/50 mix.
• Days 5-6: Increase to 75% of Chi Dogs Water Diet with 25% of the current food.
• Day 7: You can now feed 100% Chi Dog's Water Diet.

Its a week-long process, but this staggered transition helps prevent digestive upsets and allows your dog to adapt to the new nutrient balance, taste, and texture. But, beyond feeding the best diet for dogs with kidney disease, what can you to provide support for your pet?

More Ways to Provide Support Beyond Feeding the Best Diet for Dogs With Kidney Disease

While a nutritionally-optimized diet like Chi Dog's Water Diet is a cornerstone in managing kidney disease, comprehensive care involves a few more layers of attention and action. Here are some additional ways you can support your dog:

• Regular Vet Visits: Ongoing veterinary care is essential for monitoring your dog's kidney function and adjusting treatment plans as needed. Blood tests and urinalysis can provide crucial information.
• Hydration: Ensure your dog always has access to clean, fresh water. Proper hydration is essential for kidney function and helps flush out toxins.
• Limited Exercise: Intense physical activity can exacerbate kidney issues. Opt for shorter, gentler walks and avoid rigorous exercise.
• Environmental Comfort: Stress can be harmful for a dog with kidney disease. Make sure your pet has a quiet and comfortable space to rest.
• Medications and Supplements: Your vet may recommend specific medications or supplements to support kidney function. Always consult your vet before adding any new medications.
• Alternative Therapies: Therapies like acupuncture and herbal remedies can sometimes complement conventional treatments for kidney disease. Always consult your vet before starting any alternative therapies.
• Close Observation: Watch for symptoms like lethargy, loss of appetite, or changes in urination patterns. If you notice any changes, consult your vet immediately.

By integrating these additional supportive measures into your pet's routine, you'll not only make your dog more comfortable but also stand a better chance of slowing the progression of kidney disease.

With that said, here are a few closing thoughts on following vet-approved homemade dog food recipes for kidney disease and why Chi Dog is the best food for dogs with kidney disease.

Closing Thoughts on Vet-Approved Homemade Dog Food Recipes for Kidney Disease

While vet-approved homemade dog food recipes for kidney disease may seem like a good idea, they come with their own sets of challenges - time-consuming preparations, potential for nutritional imbalances, and constant need for vet approvals, to name a few.

On the other hand, Chi Dog's Water Diet offers a vet-approved, nutritionally balanced, and convenient alternative that is specifically designed to support kidney function in dogs.

With our Water Diet, you're not just providing your pet with a meal; you're offering a carefully crafted, kidney-supportive therapy that takes the guesswork and hassle out of feeding your dog right.

We have further reading on topics like the best dog diet for skin allergies, the best diet for dogs with pancreatitis, and even the best dog cancer diet. But at this point, why not take the first step in providing relief for your pet by ordering the best dog food for kidney disease?

After all, why would you want to spend hours in the kitchen when the best nutritional support for your dog's kidney health is just a click away? Make the smart choice - choose Chi Dog's Water Diet today!

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About the author

Dr. Susan Bohrer has been a practicing veterinarian for 15 years teaching home cooking techniques to clients. Dr. Bohrer is Certified in Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicines Herbal Therapy, Acupuncture and Food Therapy.